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Questions buyers ask when choosing and using TIG filler wire for weathering steel.
Weathering steel TIG wire is a solid steel filler with small additions of elements such as nickel and copper. These additions improve resistance to atmospheric corrosion compared with a plain carbon-manganese filler, so the weld metal behaves more like the weathering steel plate it joins.That is the main reason to choose it over a general-purpose mild steel rod: not extra strength, but a weld that weathers in a similar way. Makers also point out that the alloying lets some of these rods be used on other higher-strength steels, but check the maker's data sheet for the specific rod before relying on that.
In ER80S-G the 80 relates to the minimum tensile strength class and the G stands for a general classification. A general classification means the standard does not fix every requirement that it fixes for the other classes, in particular the exact chemical composition.The practical point is that two rods both labelled with a G classification can have different chemistry and properties. For a weathering steel job, do not assume they are interchangeable. Check the maker's data sheet or inspection certificate for the actual analysis, shielding gas and mechanical properties, and compare them with what your procedure and the plate specification need.
Like other steel TIG filler, it is normally used with DC electrode negative (DC-) and a pure argon shield, with a tungsten electrode suited to DC, kept clean and ground lengthways to a point. Polarity and gas are the same as for ordinary steel TIG, so the usual machine set-up applies.Current, travel speed and filler diameter then depend on the plate thickness, joint type and position. Start from the machine and consumable maker's guidance, and prove the settings on an offcut of the same plate before welding the real joint.
There is no single temperature. Steel makers explain that the need for preheat depends on the steel's carbon equivalent, the hydrogen level of the process or consumable, the heat input and the combined thickness of the joint. Low-hydrogen processes and consumables reduce the risk of hydrogen cracking and often reduce the need to preheat.TIG is a low-hydrogen process when the rod and joint are clean and dry, but thick or heavily restrained joints can still need preheat. Take the figure from your welding procedure, the plate certificate and the relevant welding standard rather than from a general rule of thumb.